Isingeniso Sesirinji
Isirinji iyisisetshenziswa sezokwelapha esidlale indima ebalulekile embonini yezokunakekelwa kwempilo amakhulu eminyaka.Amasirinji, asetshenziselwa kakhulu ukujova izidakamizwa, imigomo kanye nezinye izinto, aguqule indlela ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo abahlinzeka ngokwelashwa nokunakekela ezigulini.Kulesi sihloko, sethula amasirinji futhi sixoxe ngomlando wawo, izakhi, izinhlobo, nokubaluleka kwezokwelapha.
Umlando wesirinji
Umqondo wesirinji usukela emuva ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka, nobufakazi bemishini efana nesirinji yakudala etholakala empucukweni yakudala efana ne-Egypt neRoma.Imijovo yakudala yayiwumhlanga ongenalutho noma amathambo axhunywe ezitsheni ezenziwe ngesinye sezilwane noma izithelo eziyizigodi.Le mijovo yakudala yayisetshenziselwa izinjongo ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukugeza amanxeba nokugcotshwa kwemithi.
Kodwa-ke, kwaze kwaba sekhulwini le-19 lapho isirinji yaba nentuthuko enkulu.Ngo-1853, udokotela ongumFulentshi uCharles Gabriel Pravaz wasungula inaliti ye-hypodermic, ingxenye ebalulekile yesirinji yesimanje, ejova ngokuqondile emzimbeni.Enye intuthuko enkulu yaba ngo-1899 lapho usokhemisi ongumJalimane u-Arthur Eichenrün enza isirinji yokuqala eyingilazi yonke, enikeza isiqukathi esiyinyumba, esisobala semijovo ephephile.
Izingxenye Zesirinji
Isipetu esijwayelekile siqukethe izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko: umgqomo, i-plunger nenaliti.Isipetu yishubhu eliyisilinda elibamba into ezojovwa.Imvamisa eyenziwe ngepulasitiki noma ingilazi, kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi isobala ngezilinganiso ezinembile.I-plunger, ngokuvamile eyenziwe ngepulasitiki, ilingana kahle emgqonyeni futhi isetshenziselwa ukudala ingcindezi nokuphusha izinto ngaphandle kwesirinji.Inaliti exhunywe ekugcineni komgqomo iyishubhu elincane elingenalutho elinephuzu elicijile elisetshenziselwa ukubhoboza isikhumba nokuletha izinto emzimbeni.
uhlobo lwesirinji
Amasirinji afika ngezinhlobo nosayizi abaningi, ngalinye lakhelwe injongo ethile.Isigaba esivamile sisekelwe kumthamo wesirinji, namasirinji asukela ku-1ml kuya ku-60ml noma ngaphezulu.Amavolumu ahlukene asetshenziswa kuye ngenani lezinto okufanele zisetshenziswe.
Okunye ukuhlukaniswa kusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwesirinji.Isibonelo, imijovo ye-insulin yenzelwe ngokukhethekile abanesifo sikashukela abadinga imijovo ye-insulin evamile.Le mijovo inenaliti ezizacile futhi iyalinganiswa ukuze ilethe imithamo ye-insulin enembile.Kukhona futhi imijovo eklanyelwe imijovo efakwa emthanjeni, imijovo ye-intramuscular, noma izinqubo ezithile zokwelapha ezifana nompompi womgogodla noma ukubhoboza i-lumbar.
Ukubaluleka ekusebenzeni kwezokwelapha
Amasirinji adlala indima ebalulekile kwezokwelapha ngezizathu eziningi.Okokuqala, inika amandla ukuphathwa komthamo okunembe nokunembile.Izimpawu zokuthweswa iziqu emgqonyeni zivumela ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuthi balinganise futhi balethe inani eliqondile lemithi edingekayo yokwelashwa.Lokhu kunemba kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha kwesiguli kanye nokwandisa imiphumela yokwelashwa.
Okwesibili, imijovo ivumela ukulethwa kwezidakamizwa nezinto ngokuqondile egazini noma ezicutshini zomzimba eziqondiwe.Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukumuncwa ngokushesha nangempumelelo komuthi, okuholela ekukhululekeni okusheshayo kwezimpawu noma ukwelashwa kwesimo esiwumsuka.
Ukwengeza, ama-syringe asiza inqubo ye-aseptic futhi avimbele ukusakazeka kokutheleleka.Amasirinji alahlwayo nezinaliti ezilahlwayo anciphisa ubungozi bokungcola ngoba alahlwa ngemva kokusetshenziswa kanye.Lo mkhuba unciphisa kakhulu ithuba lokudlulisela i-ejenti ethathelwanayo isuka kwesinye isiguli iye kwesinye, nokwenza ngcono ukuphepha kokunakekelwa kwezempilo kukonke.
Ekuphetheni
Sengiphetha, isirinji iyisisetshenziswa sezokwelapha esibalulekile esiguqule ukulethwa kwezidakamizwa nezinye izinto.Umlando wayo omude wokuthuthuka uholele ekuthuthukisweni okuphawulekayo ekuklanyweni nasekusebenzeni, okuyenza ibe ithuluzi elibalulekile emisebenzini yezokwelapha.Ukuqonda izingxenye, izinhlobo nokubaluleka kwamasirinji kubalulekile kubo bobabili ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo kanye neziguli ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphathwa kokwelapha okuphephile nokusebenzayo.
I-1, ibhantshi liyabonakala, kulula ukubona indawo ewuketshezi namabhamuza
2. Ijoyinti eliyiconical elingu-6:100 eliklanywe ngokwezinga likazwelonke lingasetshenziswa nanoma yimuphi umkhiqizo onokuhlanganiswa okuyikhoyili okujwayelekile okungu-6:100.
3, umkhiqizo uvalwe kahle, awuvuzi
I-4, iyinyumba, ayinayo i-pyrogen
5, ukunamathela kukayinki esikalini kunamandla, akuwi
I-6, isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele se-anti-skid, singavimbela induku eyinhloko ukuthi ingaphumi ngephutha ebhantshini
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-04-2019